DIRECT-INDIRECT
SPEECH
Disusun
oleh:
RIFQI
RAMADHAN
17213684
1EA22
UNIVERSITAS
GUNADARMA
2014
·
DIRECT SPEECH:
It is the direct or exact
words spoken by the speaker.
In direct speech we make
use of quotation marks.
·
INDIRECT SPEECH:
It is the not direct or exact words spoken by speaker
in indirect speech simple present tense becomes simple past tense.
E.g.1.
·
Rifqi said. “I am
very busy now.”
o Rifqi said that he was bery busy then.
·
He said, “I am not
well.”
o He said that he is not well.
·
PUNCTUATION
Punctuation marks are
signs that are use in writing to make the sentence more meaningful, clear and
understandable.
1.
Full stop ( . ) :
is used at the end of a sentence to make word
shorter to make word shorter (abbreviation) and after
initials.
2.
Comma ( , )
: is used to separate words, phrases
and clauses. It also shows us where to pause when we are reading.
-
E.g.1.
·
I love eating
chocolates, cakes and ice cream.
·
Yes, I won the
prize.
3.
Semi colon ( ; ) :
is used for a pause that is longer than a comma and as a connector in long
sentences in place of but & and.
-
E.g.
·
He will succeed;
You
never.
4.
Colon ( : ) :
is usedto introduce a list of items.
-
E.g.
·
I have four
languages to study this year. They are : English, Hindi, Marathi, and French.
5.
Apostrophe ( ‘ ) :
is used to show the possession and in the contraction. (the a mission of letter
in the spelling)
-
E.g.1.
·
Today is Dian’s
birthday.
-
E.g.2.
·
I don’t have a
bicycle.
6.
Quotation mark ( “ “ ) :
is used to show the actual words spoken by a person. The are also known as
inverted commas.
- E.g.
1. Rifqi said, “I saw a panda”
2. “Will you have a cup of coffee?” Asked
Father.
7. Question mark ( ? ) : is used after the direct question.
- E.g.
1. Whose books is this?
2. Dian looks happy, doesn’t she?
8. Exclamation mark
( ! ) : is used after a word
sentence to express feelings.
- E.g.
1. Please help!
2. This dress is very pretty!
9. A capital letter : is used at the beginning of a sentence, direct speech.
After any punctuation marks, lines of poetry, proper name, place.
ü Modal verb forms also sometimes change:
|
Direct speech
|
|
Indirect speech
|
|
will
She said, "I'll teach English online tomorrow." |
›
|
would
She said she would teach English online tomorrow. |
|
can
She said, "I can teach English online." |
›
|
could
She said she could teach English online. |
|
must
She said, "I must have a computer to teach English online." |
›
|
had
to
She said she had to have a computer to teach English online. |
ü Tense
change
As a rule when you report something
someone has said you go back a tense: (the tense on the left changes to the
tense on the right):
|
Direct
speech
|
|
Indirect
speech
|
|
Present simple
She said, "It's cold." |
›
|
Past simple
She said it was cold. |
|
Present
continuous
She said, "I'm teaching English online." |
›
|
Past
continuous
She said she was teaching English online. |
|
Present perfect
simple
She said, "I've been on the web since 1999." |
›
|
Past perfect simple
She said she had been on the web since 1999. |
QUESTIONS
1.
Rifqi: What did she
tell you?
Dian: She told me that you
_____ him soon.
a)
Should see
b)
Would see
c)
Would have seen
d)
Have to see
e)
Have seen
2.
The girl begged the
robber_____ .
a)
Don’t take my money
b)
Not taking her
money
c)
Not to take her
money
d)
Didn’t take her
money
e)
He’d better not
take her money
3.
Rifqi said to me:
‘Why do they go abroad so often?
Rifqi asked me _____
a)
If they went abroad
so often
b)
Why they went
abroad so often
c)
Why did they go
abroad so often
d)
Why do they go
abroad so often
e)
Did they go abroad
so often
4.
‘what are you
doing?’
he wanted to know what
_____.
a)
You are doing now
b)
You were doing at
once
c)
I am doing now
d)
I was doing at that
time
e)
I am doing at that
time
5.
The policeman told
them not to dirve fast. The policeman said, “ _____ “ .
a)
Not to drive fast
in town
b)
Don’t drive fast in
town
c)
Drive not too fast
in town
d)
In town drive not
too fast
e)
Not drive fast in
town
6.
Dian asked me if I
had come to the party the day before. In the other words: Dian said, “ _____ “
a)
Did you come to the
party the day before
b)
Do you come to the
party this evening
c)
Do you come to the
party yesterday
d)
Do you come to the
party tomorrow
e)
Did you come to the
party yesterday
REFERENCES
ü Understanding skills – English Grammar – Direct and
Indirect Speech – KidRhymes.MP4 / [ youtube.com ]
ü Learn English Grammar – Change Direct Speech Into
Indirect Speech.MP4 / [ youtube.com ]
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